奥义书 · Chāndogya 4,2.5
॥
天城文
तस्याः ह मुखम् उपोद्गृह्णन् उवाच अजहार इमाः शूद्र अनेन एव मुखेन आलापयिष्यथाः इति ते ह एते रैक्वपर्णाः नाम महावृषेषु यत्र अस्माइ उवास तस्मै ह उवाच
转写 (IAST)
tasyāḥ ha mukham upodgṛhṇan uvāca ajahāra imāḥ śūdra anena eva mukhena ālāpayiṣyathāḥ iti te ha ete raikvaparṇāḥ nāma mahāvṛṣeṣu yatra asmāi uvāsa tasmai ha uvāca
逐字释义
梵语IAST释义
तस्याःtasyāḥout of her; it
हhaindeed; surely
मुखम्mukhamthe countenance; the face
उपोद्गृह्णन्upodgṛhṇanlifting up (upa-ud-√grah); raising [his face]; tilting up
उवाचuvācahe said; He spoke
अजहारajahārayou have brought; He brought
इमाःimāḥthese; these here
शूद्रśūdrathe śūdra; the man in grief
अनेनanenaby this; by means of this
एवevaindeed; surely
मुखेनmukhenaby the mouth; through the mouth; as by an entrance
आलापयिष्यथाःālāpayiṣyathāḥyou will make me speak (ā-√lap, causative future); you will draw me into talk; you will force speech from me
इतिitithus; how
तेteto you; for you
हhaindeed; surely
एतेetethese; the present
रैक्वपर्णाःraikvaparṇāḥRaikvaparṇa (raikva-parṇa — 'Raikva's leaves', the name of the villages); the villages of Raikvaparṇa; Raikva's hamlets
नामnāmathe name; appellation
महावृषेषुmahāvṛṣeṣuin [the land of] the Mahāvṛṣas (mahāvṛṣa); among the Mahāvṛṣas; in the country of Mahāvṛṣa
यत्रyatrawhere; when
अस्माइasmāifor him; to him
उवासuvāsahe lived; he dwelt
तस्मैtasmaito Him; to him
हhaindeed; surely
उवाचuvācahe said; He spoke
译文
Lifting her face, [Raikva] said: "You have brought these [cows], śūdra? — [but] it is by this face that you will make me speak!" These are the villages among the Mahāvṛṣas called Raikvaparṇa, where he dwelt with him. And he said to him:
版本
a6e59d4a30d6 · 发布于 2026年7月26日 23:13:32 UTC
可用语言RUEN用方向键翻颂
The resolution of the betrothal: tasyā ha mukham upodgṛhṇan uvāca — "lifting her face, he said": Raikva looks into the princess's face — and utters words in which rudeness mingles for the last time with acceptance: ajahāremāḥ śūdra — "you have brought these, śūdra" — anenaiva mukhena ālāpayiṣyathā iti — "[but] by this face you will make me speak!": it was not a thousand cows that unlocked the knower's lips but a face: a living person, made over in kinship!
Commentators dispute this verse with embarrassment; its truth is simple and deep: knowledge is unlocked not by payment but by a bond: Raikva consented to speak when kinship arose between him and the petitioner — when the king put a daughter into the sage's household instead of driving cattle up to his cart. te haite raikva-parṇā nāma — those villages are called Raikvaparṇa to this day: the land has kept the memory of the place where a king's pride finished its schooling in sacrifice — tasmai hovāca — "and he said to him": the instruction begins.